{"id":10881,"date":"2026-04-29T19:55:41","date_gmt":"2026-04-29T19:55:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/theblessingsfoundation.org\/?p=10881"},"modified":"2026-04-29T20:01:57","modified_gmt":"2026-04-29T20:01:57","slug":"the-chinese-student-revival-movement-during-the-sino-japanese-war-and-the-civil-war","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/theblessingsfoundation.org\/en\/the-chinese-student-revival-movement-during-the-sino-japanese-war-and-the-civil-war\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6297\u6230\u548c\u5167\u6230\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u5b78\u751f\u5fa9\u8208\u904b\u52d5"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"10881\" class=\"elementor elementor-10881\" data-elementor-settings=\"{&quot;ha_cmc_init_switcher&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0d880ce elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default 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class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74e3e82 elementor-grid-0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wpr-sharing-buttons\" data-id=\"74e3e82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wpr-sharing-buttons.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-sharing-buttons elementor-grid wpr-sharing-official wpr-sharing-label-off wpr-sharing-label-tr\"><div class=\"elementor-grid-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=https:\/\/theblessingsfoundation.org\/en\/the-chinese-student-revival-movement-during-the-sino-japanese-war-and-the-civil-war\/\" class=\"wpr-sharing-icon wpr-sharing-facebook-f\" title=\"\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fab fa-facebook-f\"><\/i><\/a><\/div><div class=\"elementor-grid-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=https:\/\/theblessingsfoundation.org\/en\/the-chinese-student-revival-movement-during-the-sino-japanese-war-and-the-civil-war\/\" 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data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ef79129\" data-eae-slider=\"126\" data-id=\"ef79129\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9ec3319 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9ec3319\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theblessingsfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/jonny-gios-aNuz8yRi9pU-unsplash.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-10810\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theblessingsfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/jonny-gios-aNuz8yRi9pU-unsplash.jpg?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theblessingsfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/jonny-gios-aNuz8yRi9pU-unsplash.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theblessingsfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/jonny-gios-aNuz8yRi9pU-unsplash.jpg?resize=1024%2C683&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theblessingsfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/jonny-gios-aNuz8yRi9pU-unsplash.jpg?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theblessingsfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/jonny-gios-aNuz8yRi9pU-unsplash.jpg?resize=18%2C12&amp;ssl=1 18w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theblessingsfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/jonny-gios-aNuz8yRi9pU-unsplash.jpg?resize=930%2C620&amp;ssl=1 930w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b04ccb3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b04ccb3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<pre class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">\u6458\u8981\uff1a\u6297\u65e5\u6230\u722d\u548c\u570b\u5171\u5167\u6230\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5b78\u751f\u7fa4\u9ad4\u7d93\u6b77\u4e86\u4e00\u5834\u610f\u7fa9\u6df1\u9060\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5fa9\u8208\u904b\u52d5\u3002\u5728\u6230\u722d\u9020\u6210\u7684\u793e\u6703\u52d5\u76ea\u8207\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u4eba\u53e3\u6d41\u52d5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5167\u5730\u6703\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u8207\u8d99\u541b\u5f71\u7b49\u9818\u8896\u4eba\u7269\u651c\u624b\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u82f1\u8a9e\u67e5\u7d93\u73ed\u3001\u6821\u5712\u5718\u5951\u548c\u5168\u570b\u6027\u5b78\u751f\u5927\u6703\u70ba\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u4e2d\u6fc0\u767c\u4e86\u4e00\u5834\u5c6c\u9748\u89ba\u9192\u3002\u9019\u5834\u904b\u52d5\u4e0d\u50c5\u5728\u6230\u6642\u57f9\u990a\u4e86\u5927\u6279\u5fe0\u5fc3\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u66f4\u5728\u6230\u5f8c\u5c0d\u4e2d\u570b\u5bb6\u5ead\u6559\u6703\u7684\u8208\u8d77\u53ca\u5168\u7403\u83ef\u4eba\u6559\u6703\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u6df1\u9060\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u9762\u5c0d\u7576\u4ee3\u7684\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u5c40\u52e2\uff0c\u9019\u6bb5\u6b77\u53f2\u70ba\u83ef\u4eba\u6559\u6703\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf6\u8cb4\u7684\u555f\u793a\u3002<\/span><br \/><br \/>Abstract: During the Sino-Japanese War and the Chinese Civil War, Christian students in China experienced a remarkable spiritual revival. Amid the social upheaval and massive displacement caused by war, missionaries from the China Inland Mission joined hands with Chinese leaders such as Calvin Chao, employing English Bible classes, campus fellowships, and national student conferences to ignite a spiritual awakening among university students. This movement not only nurtured a generation of committed Christian students during wartime, but also shaped the rise of house churches in China and the development of Chinese churches worldwide. As Chinese churches today face renewed uncertainties, this history offers invaluable lessons for faithful witness in turbulent times.<\/pre>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c777781 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c777781\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u6230\u722d\u50ac\u751f\u7684\u5c6c\u9748\u89ba\u9192\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34df98d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"34df98d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p1\">1937\u5e74\u76e7\u6e9d\u6a4b\u4e8b\u8b8a\u5f15\u767c\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u5168\u9762\u4fb5\u83ef\u6230\u722d\uff0c\u7d66\u4e2d\u570b\u5e36\u4f86\u4e86\u9577\u9054\u516b\u5e74\u7684\u7a7a\u524d\u82e6\u96e3\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e36\u4f86\u4e86\u4e2d\u570b\u8fd1\u4ee3\u53f2\u4e0a\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u6d41\u52d5\u3002\u64da\u4f30\u8a08\uff0c\u67094000\u842c\u81f36000\u842c\u4eba\u56e0\u65e5\u8ecd\u7684\u5a01\u8105\uff0c\u62cb\u68c4\u4e86\u5bb6\u5712\u8207\u751f\u8a08\uff0c\u50c5\u5e36\u8457\u5c11\u91cf\u8ca1\u7269\uff0c\u8e0f\u4e0a\u4e86\u524d\u5f80\u4e2d\u570b\u897f\u90e8\u7684\u8271\u96e3\u65c5\u7a0b\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u96e3\u6c11\u4e2d\u4e0d\u4e4f\u5927\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u96e3\u6c11\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u81ea\u5df1\u751f\u6d3b\u56f0\u9813\u3001\u524d\u9014\u6e3a\u832b\u3002\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u76fc\u671b\uff0c\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u9762\u5c0d\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u5e74\u8f15\u4eba\u986f\u5f97\u683c\u5916\u5177\u6709\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u3002<\/p><p class=\"p1\">\u6c11\u570b\u6642\u671f\u7684\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u591a\u4f86\u81ea\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u4e2d\u4e0a\u5c64\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c1931\u5e74\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u50c5\u4f54\u7e3d\u4eba\u53e3\u76840.01%\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u83c1\u82f1\u9752\u5e74\u6df1\u53d7\u5112\u5bb6\u50b3\u7d71\u8207\u897f\u65b9\u601d\u6f6e\u7684\u96d9\u91cd\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u8996\u81ea\u5df1\u70ba\u4e2d\u570b\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u9818\u8896\uff0c\u6df1\u611f\u6709\u8cac\u4efb\u53c3\u8207\u5bb6\u570b\u4e8b\u52d9\u3002\u6230\u722d\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u8cb4\u65cf\u5316\u683c\u5c40\u2014\u2014\u570b\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u63a8\u884c\u6230\u6642\u5b78\u751f\u8cb8\u91d1\u548c\u516c\u8cbb\u751f\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5927\u5b78\u5165\u5b78\u7387\u5728\u6230\u6642\u7ffb\u4e86\u4e00\u756a\u3002\u5167\u9077\u7684\u5927\u5b78\u591a\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u897f\u90e8\u7684\u6606\u660e\u3001\u91cd\u6176\u548c\u8cb4\u967d\u7b49\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u5927\u6279\u9752\u5e74\u6e67\u5165\u5f8c\u65b9\u9ad8\u6821\uff0c\u4e5f\u70ba\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u4e8b\u5de5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u5951\u6a5f\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a0716d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5a0716d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5f9e\u82f1\u8a9e\u67e5\u7d93\u73ed\u5230\u6821\u5712\u5718\u5951\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a1be2e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a1be2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p1\">\u81ea\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u5167\u5730\u6703\uff08China Inland Mission, CIM\uff09\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u91cd\u5fc3\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u8fb2\u6751\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c1939\u5e741\u67082\u65e5\uff0c\u5167\u5730\u6703\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u7406\u4e8b\u6703\u4e0a\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u95dc\u9375\u7684\u6230\u7565\u8abf\u6574\uff1a\u5c07\u5b78\u751f\u4e8b\u5de5\u5217\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u5167\u5730\u6703\u4e2d\u570b\u7e3d\u76e3\u83ef\u798f\u862d\uff08Frank Houghton, 1894\u20131972\uff09\u57281941\u5e74\u7684\u5831\u544a\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u570b\u7acb\u5927\u5b78\u4e0d\u50c5\u5c0d\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u7684\u5230\u4f86\u8868\u793a\u6b61\u8fce\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u9080\u8acb\u4ed6\u5011\u6559\u6388\u82f1\u8a9e\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u6821\u65b9\u660e\u77e5\u5176\u6700\u7d42\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u50b3\u64ad\u8036\u7a4c\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u798f\u97f3\u3002\u81f31942\u5e744\u6708\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u81f3\u5c11\u516b\u4f4d\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u7a4d\u6975\u6295\u8eab\u65bc\u5b78\u751f\u4e8b\u5de5\uff0c\u5206\u4f48\u5728\u862d\u5dde\u3001\u965c\u897f\u57ce\u56fa\u3001\u8cb4\u5dde\u5b89\u9806\u3001\u56db\u5ddd\u548c\u6cb3\u5357\u7b49\u5730\u3002<\/p><p class=\"p1\">\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u5011\u63a1\u53d6\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u7368\u7279\u800c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u958b\u8a2d\u82f1\u8a9e\u67e5\u7d93\u73ed\u3002\u5b54\u4fdd\u7f85\uff08Paul A. Contento, 1905\u20131997\uff09\u5728\u5831\u544a\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e86\u4ed6\u5728\u57ce\u56fa\u7684\u7d93\u6b77\uff1a\u300c\u53bb\u5e748\u6708\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u770b\u5230\u6578\u767e\u540d\u525b\u525b\u7d50\u675f\u8ecd\u8a13\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u5728\u8857\u4e0a\u9592\u901b\uff0c\u986f\u7136\u7121\u6240\u4e8b\u4e8b\u3002\u7d93\u904e\u8a73\u7d30\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5f97\u77e5\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5927\u5b78\u8981\u5169\u500b\u6708\u5f8c\u624d\u958b\u5b78\u3002\u65bc\u662f\u6211\u5011\u7acb\u5373\u5f35\u8cbc\u901a\u77e5\uff0c\u958b\u8a2d\u82f1\u8a9e\u8ab2\u7a0b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u5929\u5c31\u6709\u4e09\u5341\u591a\u4eba\u5831\u540d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u559c\u51fa\u671b\u5916\uff01\u300d \u4e09\u500b\u6708\u5167\uff0c\u5b54\u4fdd\u7f85\u4fbf\u7d44\u7e54\u4e86\u64da\u7a31\u662f\u4e9e\u6d32\u53ca\u4e2d\u570b\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u6821\u5712\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5718\u5951\uff08Inter-Varsity Christian Fellowship\uff09\u3002\u8cf4\u6069\u878d\uff08Leslie T. Lyall, 1905\u20131996\uff09\u5728\u8cb4\u967d\u4e5f\u6709\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u7d93\u6b77\uff0c\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u524d\u4f86\u807d\u8ab2\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b78\u751f\u5e0c\u671b\u8207\u4ed6\u55ae\u7368\u4ea4\u8ac7\u548c\u79b1\u544a\u3002<\/p><p class=\"p1\">\u8207\u50b3\u7d71\u596e\u8208\u4f48\u9053\u6703\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5167\u5730\u6703\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8cf4\u8b1b\u53f0\u4f48\u9053\uff0c\u800c\u66f4\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u63a1\u7528\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u6b61\u8fce\u975e\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u63d0\u51fa\u77e5\u8b58\u6027\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5f37\u8abf\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u8a34\u8af8\u60c5\u611f\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u5171\u9cf4\u3002\u4e00\u4f4d\u5e74\u8f15\u7537\u5b50\uff0c\u662f\u91ab\u751f\u548c\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u6559\u6388\u7684\u5152\u5b50\uff0c\u548c\u8a31\u591a\u53d7\u904e\u79d1\u5b78\u8a13\u7df4\u7684\u4eba\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f9e\u5c0f\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u540d\u7121\u795e\u8ad6\u8005\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u79d1\u5b78\u8207\u5b97\u6559\u4e0d\u53ef\u8abf\u548c\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6230\u722d\u7684\u7206\u767c\u548c\u7236\u89aa\u7684\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c\u8feb\u4f7f\u4ed6\u548c\u5b78\u6821\u4e00\u8d77\u9003\u5f80\u5167\u9678\u3002\u7576\u5b78\u6821\u5728\u6606\u660e\u5b89\u9813\u4e0b\u4f86\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u548c\u5e7e\u4f4d\u540c\u5b78\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4f4d\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u5b78\u7fd2\u300a\u8056\u7d93\u300b\u3002\u5e7e\u9031\u5f8c\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5b78\u751f\u8aaa\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u9019\u662f\u6211\u5011\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u807d\u5230\u5c0d\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u5408\u7406\u89e3\u91cb\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u70ba\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u77e5\u9053\u6211\u5011\u4fe1\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebd\u3002\u300d\u4ed6\u5011\u9080\u8acb\u540c\u5b78\u4e00\u8d77\u898b\u8b49\u6d17\u79ae\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u5ea7\u7121\u865b\u5e2d\u7684\u89c0\u773e\u9762\u524d\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u90fd\u9673\u8ff0\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u7406\u7531\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u8b49\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u793e\u6703\u5287\u70c8\u52d5\u76ea\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u7d50\u5408\u56b4\u8b39\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u63a2\u8a0e\u8207\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u5c6c\u9748\u7d93\u6b77\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u53d7\u904e\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u9752\u5e74\u4e2d\u50b3\u64ad\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u6709\u529b\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e4175c0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e4175c0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5168\u570b\u6027\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u8208\u8d77\u8207\u9ad8\u5cf0\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c56283 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8c56283\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p1\">\u6821\u5712\u4e2d\u7684\u5c0f\u7d44\u67e5\u7d93\u73ed\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u6b78\u4fe1\u7684\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u800c\u596e\u8208\u6703\u5247\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u63a8\u52d5\u5b78\u751f\u59d4\u8eab\u8ddf\u96a8\u57fa\u7763\u3002\u8d99\u541b\u5f71\uff08Calvin Chao, 1906\u20131996\uff09\u7684\u53c3\u8207\uff0c\u6a19\u8a8c\u8457\u5b78\u751f\u5fa9\u8208\u904b\u52d5\u9032\u5165\u4e86\u5168\u570b\u6027\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u65b0\u968e\u6bb5\u3002\u8d99\u541b\u5f71\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u5357\u4eac\uff0c\u7236\u89aa\u9d09\u7247\u6210\u766e\uff0c\u6bcd\u89aa\u5728\u4ed6\u516d\u6b72\u6642\u53bb\u4e16\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u6559\u6703\u5b78\u6821\u9577\u5927\uff0c\u5f8c\u8003\u5165\u676d\u5dde\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e4b\u6c5f\u5927\u5b78\u3002\u7562\u696d\u524d\u4e09\u500b\u6708\u60a3\u4e0a\u80ba\u7d50\u6838\uff0c\u4e09\u5e74\u5f8c\u5728\u8a08\u5fd7\u6587\u5e36\u9818\u7684\u4f2f\u7279\u5229\u4f48\u9053\u5718\u7684\u596e\u8208\u6703\u4e0a\u737b\u8eab\u4f8d\u5949\u3002 1938\u5e74\u51ac\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f86\u5230\u6606\u660e\uff0c\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e09\u516b\u5e74\u51ac\uff0c\u6211\u5230\u6606\u660e\u5f8c\uff0c\u7acb\u5373\u5411\u897f\u5357\u806f\u5927\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u4f5c\u898b\u8b49\uff0c\u5167\u5730\u6703\u7684\u5b54\u4fdd\u7f85\u7267\u5e2b\u548c\u5e2b\u6bcd\uff0c\u4e5f\u540c\u6642\u958b\u59cb\u5b78\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u6211\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u88e1\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u6211\u500b\u4eba\u5728\u6297\u6230\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u958b\u59cb\u5927\u91cf\u5730\u5411\u9752\u5e74\u4eba\u50b3\u63da\u798f\u97f3\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u76f8\u4fe1\u5728\u5167\u5730\u7684\u591a\u8655\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u6709\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u840c\u82bd\u3002\u300d \u8d99\u541b\u5f71\u517c\u5177\u7406\u6027\u548c\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u8b1b\u9053\u98a8\u683c\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u901a\u904e\u54f2\u5b78\u6846\u67b6\u95e1\u8ff0\u8056\u7d93\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u6df1\u53d7\u5b78\u751f\u5011\u7684\u6b61\u8fce\u3002<\/p><p class=\"p1\">1945\u5e74\u590f\u5929\u5728\u91cd\u6176\u8209\u884c\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u5927\u6703\u4fc3\u6210\u4e86\u4e2d\u570b\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u806f\u5408\u6703\uff08\u5b78\u806f\uff09\u7684\u6210\u7acb\u3002\u4f86\u81ea40\u6240\u5927\u5b78\u7684169\u540d\u4ee3\u8868\u53c3\u52a0\u4e86\u9019\u6b21\u70ba\u671f\u5341\u5929\u7684\u6703\u8b70\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e2d\u570b\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u5927\u6703\u3002\u8d99\u541b\u5f71\u88ab\u9078\u70ba\u7e3d\u5e79\u4e8b\u3002<\/p><p class=\"p1\">1946\u5e74\uff0c\u5167\u5730\u6703\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u827e\u5f97\u7406\uff08David Adeney, 1911\u20131994\uff09\u901a\u904e\u99dd\u5cf0\u822a\u7dda\u98db\u8d8a\u559c\u99ac\u62c9\u96c5\u5c71\uff0c\u5f9e\u5370\u5ea6\u524d\u5f80\u91cd\u6176\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u5b78\u806f\u64d4\u4efb\u526f\u7e3d\u5e79\u4e8b\u3002\u4ed6\u8207\u8d99\u541b\u5f71\u53ca\u4e8e\u529b\u5de5\u5bc6\u5207\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u8d70\u904d\u5404\u5927\u5b78\u6821\u5712\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u5efa\u7acb\u5718\u5951\u5c0f\u7d44\uff0c\u9032\u884c\u9580\u5f92\u8a13\u7df4\u3002\u4ed6\u9a5a\u8a1d\u5730\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5718\u9ad4\u5982\u96e8\u5f8c\u6625\u7b4d\u822c\u6e67\u73fe\u3002\u4ed6\u56de\u61b6\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u6c38\u9060\u8a18\u5f97\u53c3\u89c0\u4e00\u6240\u6230\u6642\u81e8\u6642\u5b89\u7f6e\u5728\u9109\u4e0b\u7684\u5927\u578b\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u60c5\u666f\u3002\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4e2d\u7206\u767c\u4e86\u5fa9\u8208\u904b\u52d5\u3002\u6211\u5011\u9084\u6c92\u5230\u5c31\u807d\u8aaa\u4e86\u3002\u9023\u93ae\u5b50\u524d\u9762\u6cb3\u4e0a\u7684\u5c0f\u6e21\u8239\u8239\u592b\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u767c\u751f\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebd\u4e8b\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b78\u751f\u5011\u4f86\u4e86\uff0c\u7d66\u4e86\u4ed6\u5011\u9322\uff0c\u5f4c\u88dc\u4f7f\u7528\u507d\u9020\u8239\u7968\u7684\u640d\u5931\u3002\u6559\u8077\u54e1\u5de5\u4e5f\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b78\u751f\u5011\u627f\u8a8d\u5728\u8003\u8a66\u4e2d\u4f5c\u5f0a\u3002\u300d<\/p><p class=\"p1\">1947\u5e74\u5b78\u806f\u8209\u8fa6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c46\u5168\u570b\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u590f\u4ee4\u6703\uff0c\u662f\u9019\u4e00\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u5dd4\u5cf0\u3002\u5730\u9ede\u8a2d\u5728\u5357\u4eac\u4e2d\u5c71\u9675\u5167\u7684\u70c8\u58eb\u907a\u65cf\u5b78\u6821\uff0c\u8cf4\u6069\u878d\u5f62\u5bb9\u9019\u662f\u4e2d\u570b\u6709\u53f2\u4ee5\u4f86\u6700\u76db\u5927\u7684\u798f\u97f3\u6d3e\u5b78\u751f\u6703\u8b70\u3002\u4f86\u81ea\u5168\u570b\u7d04100\u6240\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u8fd1350\u540d\u5b78\u751f\u4ee3\u8868\u51fa\u5e2d\u3002\u5927\u6703\u4e3b\u5e2d\u7531\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u7126\u6e90\u6fc2\u64d4\u4efb\uff0c\u8b1b\u54e1\u5305\u62ec\u8d99\u541b\u5f71\u3001\u694a\u7d39\u5510\u3001\u8a08\u5fd7\u6587\u3001\u8cc8\u7389\u9298\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5305\u62ec\u83ef\u798f\u862d\u5728\u5167\u7684\u5e7e\u4f4d\u5916\u570b\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u3002\u8523\u592b\u4eba\u5b8b\u7f8e\u9f61\u4e5f\u51fa\u5e2d\u4e86\u6703\u8b70\uff0c\u4e26\u5e36\u4f86\u4e86\u7e3d\u7d71\u7684\u9f13\u52f5\u3002\u6b64\u6642\uff0c\u5168\u570b\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u50c5\u70ba1\/400\uff0c\u4f46\u6bcf15\u500b\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u4e2d\u5c31\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u53c3\u8207\u5b78\u806f\uff0c\u8db3\u898b\u9019\u5834\u904b\u52d5\u5f71\u97ff\u4e4b\u6df1\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ea99a43 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ea99a43\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u7d42\u7d50\u8207\u6df1\u9060\u907a\u7522\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0181411 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0181411\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p1\">1949\u5e74\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u570b\u6c11\u9ee8\u6f70\u6557\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u653f\u6b0a\u3002\u65b0\u653f\u5e9c\u5c0d\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u5fe0\u8aa0\u5ea6\u8981\u6c42\u751a\u9ad8\uff0c\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u88ab\u8981\u6c42\u653e\u68c4\u4e00\u5207\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u88ab\u8feb\u53c3\u52a0\u7834\u9664\u820a\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u5c0f\u7d44\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u8981\u81ea\u6211\u6279\u8a55\uff0c\u9084\u8981\u63a5\u53d7\u540c\u4f34\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u5b97\u6559\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u53cd\u52d5\u7684\u8c61\u5fb5\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5b78\u751f\u5e38\u5e38\u6210\u70ba\u653b\u64ca\u76ee\u6a19\u3002\u653f\u5e9c\u7981\u6b62\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u6559\u5802\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5834\u6240\u9032\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u5b97\u6559\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u5b78\u751f\u4ecd\u73cd\u8996\u5718\u5951\uff0c\u79d8\u5bc6\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5c0f\u7d44\u805a\u6703\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u56e0\u6b64\u906d\u5230\u902e\u6355\uff0c\u96a8\u5f8c\u88ab\u6295\u5165\u76e3\u7344\u6216\u52de\u6539\u71df\u3002\u52301951\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u5167\u5730\u6703\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u88ab\u8feb\u64a4\u96e2\uff0c\u5b78\u806f\u88ab\u653f\u5e9c\u6b63\u5f0f\u89e3\u6563\u3002<\/p><p class=\"p1\">\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u9019\u5834\u5b78\u751f\u904b\u52d5\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5df2\u88ab\u6839\u9664\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b78\u806f\u53ca\u5176\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5b78\u751f\u904b\u52d5\u5728\u6587\u9769\u5f8c\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u6559\u6703\u8208\u8d77\u548c\u767c\u5c55\u4e2d\u767c\u63ee\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u590f\u4ee4\u6703\u4e0a\u737b\u8eab\u7684\u8fd1\u767e\u4f4d\u50b3\u9053\u4eba\u4e2d\uff0c\u591a\u4eba\u6b63\u5982\u908a\u96f2\u6ce2\u5728\u300a\u737b\u7d66\u7121\u540d\u7684\u50b3\u9053\u8005\u300b\u4e00\u66f8\u4e2d\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u628a\u798f\u97f3\u5e36\u5230\u4e86\u897f\u5317\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u66f4\u9060\u53ca\u6d77\u5916\uff1a\u5317\u4eac\u5718\u5951\u7684\u6210\u54e1\u67e5\u9038\u9315\uff08David Zha, 1924\u20132011\uff09\u79fb\u5c45\u53f0\u7063\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u53f0\u7063\u6821\u5712\u5718\u5951\u3002\u5230\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d0060\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u827e\u5f97\u7406\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u4e2d\u958b\u5c55\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u9999\u6e2f\u5b78\u751f\u798f\u97f3\u5718\u5951\uff0c\u57f9\u990a\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u6559\u6703\u9818\u8896\u3001\u5b78\u8005\u548c\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u5982\u674e\u601d\u656c\u3001\u6881\u5bb6\u9e9f\u3001\u8607\u7a4e\u667a\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aac238e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"aac238e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u6b77\u53f2\u53cd\u601d\u8207\u73fe\u5be6\u610f\u7fa9<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9488baa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9488baa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p1\">\u56de\u9867\u9019\u6bb5\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u6709\u5e7e\u500b\u65b9\u9762\u503c\u5f97\u7576\u4ee3\u83ef\u8a9e\u6559\u6703\u6df1\u601d\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6230\u722d\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u793e\u6703\u52d5\u8569\u96d6\u662f\u707d\u96e3\uff0c\u537b\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u70ba\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5fa9\u8208\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u5291\u3002\u9019\u5834\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u6210\u529f\u5728\u65bc\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u9069\u5207\u7684\u4e8b\u5de5\u7b56\u7565\u2014\u2014\u82f1\u8a9e\u67e5\u7d93\u73ed\u3001\u5c0f\u7d44\u67e5\u7d93\u3001\u6821\u5712\u5718\u5951\u8207\u5168\u570b\u6027\u7d44\u7e54\u76f8\u7d50\u5408\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u9748\u6d3b\u800c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u798f\u97f3\u7db2\u7d61\u3002\u5ba3\u6559\u58eb\u5c0a\u91cd\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u7406\u6027\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4ee5\u8a0e\u8ad6\u53d6\u4ee3\u7368\u767d\uff0c\u4ee5\u5408\u7406\u6027\u56de\u61c9\u8cea\u7591\u3002\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u540c\u6a23\u9700\u8981\u767c\u5c55\u517c\u9867\u7406\u6027\u601d\u8003\u548c\u5c6c\u9748\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u4e8b\u5de5\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p><p class=\"p1\">\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u5728\u8207\u653f\u6b0a\u4e92\u52d5\u6642\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u6301\u7368\u7acb\u548c\u8b39\u614e\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e0d\u5931\u53bb\u793e\u6703\u8cac\u4efb\u3002\u8d99\u541b\u5f71\u8207\u570b\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u5b98\u54e1\u7684\u5bc6\u5207\u95dc\u4fc2\u96d6\u70ba\u904b\u52d5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8072\u671b\u548c\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u537b\u5728\u653f\u6b0a\u66f4\u8fed\u5f8c\u4f7f\u5b78\u806f\u7684\u8655\u5883\u66f4\u52a0\u8907\u96dc\u3002\u5b78\u806f\u7684\u975e\u653f\u6cbb\u7acb\u5834\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7368\u7279\u7684\u898b\u8b49\u6a5f\u6703\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7576\u5168\u9762\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u58d3\u529b\u4f86\u81e8\u6642\uff0c\u55ae\u7d14\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4e2d\u7acb\u4e26\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u61c9\u5c0d\u6311\u6230\u3002\u901a\u904e\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u795e\u5b78\u6559\u5c0e\u548c\u5165\u4e16\u800c\u4e0d\u5165\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u793e\u6703\u53c3\u8207\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u5805\u5b88\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u57fa\u7763\u5728\u4e16\u4e0a\u7684\u898b\u8b49\u3002<\/p><p class=\"p1\">\u5e7e\u5341\u5e74\u5f8c\u56de\u671b\u9019\u6b21\u7fa4\u9ad4\u7684\u5c6c\u9748\u9082\u9005\uff0c\u827e\u5f97\u7406\u4e0d\u7121\u611f\u50b7\u5730\u611f\u6168\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u53ea\u6709\u6c38\u6052\u624d\u80fd\u63ed\u793a\u90a3\u5834\u590f\u5b63\u6703\u8b70\u5c0d\u5b78\u751f\u5011\u610f\u5473\u8457\u4ec0\u9ebd\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9019\u4e9b\u5b78\u751f\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\u4f5c\u51fa\u7684\u627f\u8afe\u627f\u53d7\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u82e6\u96e3\u3002\u300d\u9762\u5c0d\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u793e\u6703\u8207\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u61c9\u4fdd\u6301\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u7368\u7acb\u6027\uff0c\u4e0d\u501a\u8cf4\u653f\u6b0a\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5728\u52d5\u76ea\u4e2d\u5805\u5b9a\u5730\u50b3\u63da\u798f\u97f3\u3002\u7576\u4ee3\u83ef\u8a9e\u6559\u6703\u61c9\u53cd\u601d\u9019\u4e9b\u5bf6\u8cb4\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u7d93\u9a57\uff0c\u70ba\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u6311\u6230\u505a\u597d\u6e96\u5099\uff0c\u5728\u793e\u6703\u7684\u8b8a\u52d5\u4e2d\u5805\u5b88\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u7368\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u7a4d\u6975\u6210\u70ba\u57fa\u7763\u6709\u529b\u7684\u898b\u8b49\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db42c07 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"db42c07\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03bebf1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"03bebf1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p1\"><span 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